![]() ![]() (a) There is a small difference in electronegativity between \ce molecule is bent, leading to a dipole moment. ![]() The length of the arrow is proportional to the magnitude of the electronegativity difference between the two atoms.įigure 7.3.1. A small plus sign is drawn on the less electronegative end to indicate the partially positive end of the bond. Dipole vectors are shown as arrows pointing along the bond from the less electronegative atom toward the more electronegative atom. This bond moment can be represented as a vector, a quantity having both direction and magnitude ( Figure 7.3.1). The magnitude of a bond dipole moment is represented by the Greek letter mu ( µ) and is given by the formula shown below, where Q is the magnitude of the partial charges (determined by the electronegativity difference) and r is the distance between the charges: This separation of charge gives rise to a bond dipole moment.
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